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Babylon was the capital of a small city state of Mesopotamia, named Babylonia, located in what is now Iraq, near the modern town of Hilla and on the eastern bank of the Euphrates river. Babylon was founded at the end of the 3rd millennium BC, and lasted through the 2nd century AD.

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According to information from internet website, Babylon was located in present-day Al Hillah, Babylon Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 mi) south of Baghdad (the remains of Babylon are found there).

Babylon (Arabic: ????, Babil; Akkadian: B?bili(m);[1] Sumerian logogram: KÁ.DINGIR.RAKI;[1] Hebrew: ??????, B?bel;[1] Greek: Βαβυλ?ν, Babyl?n) was an Akkadian city-state (founded in 1894 BC by an Amorite dynasty) of ancient Mesopotamia, the remains of which are found in present-day Al Hillah, Babylon Province, Iraq, about 85 kilometers (55 mi) south of Baghdad. All that remains of the original ancient famed city of Babylon today is a large mound, or tell, of broken mud-brick buildings and debris in the fertile Mesopotamian plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The city itself was built upon the Euphrates, and divided in equal parts along its left and right banks, with steep embankments to contain the river's seasonal floods. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylon