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Four of the twelve Hijri months are considered sacred, although there is disagreement over the designated months, such as between proponents for the sequences {7,11,12,1} vs. {12,1,2,3}.[4] The twelve Hijri months are named as follows in Arabic:[5] Mu?arram — ???????, "forbidden" — so called because battle was set aside (haram) during this month. Muharram includes the Day of Ashura. ?afar — ???, "void" — supposedly named because pagan Arab houses were empty this time of year and had to gather food. Rab?? I (Rab?? al-Awwal) — ???? ??????, "the first spring". Rab?? II (Rab?? ath-Th?n? or Rab?? al-?khir) — ???? ?????? or ???? ?????, "the second (or last) spring". Jum?d? I (Jum?d? al-?l?) — ????? ??????, "the first month of parched land". Often considered the pre-Islamic "summer". Jum?d? II (Jum?d? ath-Th?niya or Jum?d? al-?khira) — ????? ??????? or ????? ??????, "the second (or last) month of parched land". Rajab — ???, "respect" or "honor". This is another sacred month in which fighting was traditionally forbidden. Sha?b?n — ?????, "scattered", marking the time of year when Arab tribes dispersed to find water. Rama??n — ?????, "scorched". Ramadan is the most venerated month of the Hijri calendar during which Muslims must fast from dawn till sunset and should give charity to the poor. Shaww?l — ?????, "raised", as she-camels normally would be in calf at this time of year. Dh? al-Qa?da — ?? ??????, "the one of truce". Dhu al-Qa'da was another month during which war was banned. Dh? al-?ijja — ?? ??????, "the one of pilgrimage", referring to the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, the Hajj.

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