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How do you choose the right carbide grade for a valve seat?
The ideal grade balances abrasion resistance (small grain, low binder) against impact/toughness (coarse grain, higher binder). Here is a selection guide:
<thead>
Service Condition Recommended Grade Binder Content Grain Size
</thead>
Clean gas/light slurry — low impact
Submicron
6% cobalt
0.4–0.8 µm
Frac sand / heavy slurry — moderate impact
Fine to medium
8–10% cobalt
1–2 µm
Choke valves with flashing/droplet impingement
Submicron + nickel binder
6–8% nickel
0.6–1.0 µm
Mining slurry with large rocks — high impact
Coarse grain
12–15% cobalt
3–6 µm
Corrosive service (H₂S, seawater, acids)
Nickel-bonded
6–10% nickel
1–2 µm
For sour oil & gas service (NACE MR0175): Avoid cobalt grades — specify nickel-bonded carbide or cobalt-free grades only.
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